Ka taea te whakatutuki i te pumau o te karihi mā te tukunga o ngā momo matūriki, ngaru rānei, ka hua ake he momo pirau irahiko me te whakaputanga o te hihi ionizing. Ko ngā matūriki ārepa, ngā matūriki beta, ngā hihi gamma, me ngā neutrons ētahi o ngā momo e kitea pinepinetia ana. Ko te pirau ārepa ko te tukunga o ngā matūriki taumaha, he pai te utu e ngā karihi pirau kia eke ki te pumau ake. Kāore e taea e ēnei matūriki te uru ki te kiri, ā, he maha ngā wā ka āraia e te pepa kotahi.
I runga anō i te momo matūriki, i ngā ngaru rānei e tukuna ana e te karihi kia pumau ai, he maha ngā momo pirau irahiko e hua ake ai te irahiko whakakoi. Ko ngā momo tino noa ko ngā matūriki ārepa, ngā matūriki beta, ngā hihi gamma me ngā niutron.
Irahiko ārepa
I te wā o te irahiko alpha, ka tukuna e ngā karihi e pirau ana ngā matūriki taumaha, he pai te utu hei whakatutuki i te pumau ake. Kāore e taea e ēnei matūriki te haere mā roto i te kiri hei whara, ā, he maha ngā wā ka taea te ārai mā te whakamahi i tētahi pepa kotahi anake.
Ahakoa rā, ki te uru ngā matū whakaputa-ārepa ki te tinana mā te manawa, te horomitanga, te inu rānei, ka pā tika atu ki ngā kiko o roto, ka pā kino pea ki te hauora. Ko tētahi tauira o te pirau o tētahi huānga i roto i ngā matūriki ārepa ko te Americium-241, e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā taputapu kite auahi puta noa i te ao.
Irahiko Beta
I te wā o te irahiko beta, ka tukuna e ngā karihi ngā matūriki iti (ngā irahiko), he nui ake te uru atu i ngā matūriki alpha, ā, ka taea te whakawhiti i te whānuitanga o te wai mai i te 1-2 henimita, i runga i te taumata pūngao. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea e te pepa konumohe angiangi he torutoru mirimita te matotoru te aukati i te irahiko beta.
Ngā hihi gamma
Ko ngā hihi gamma, me te whānuitanga o ngā whakamahinga tae atu ki te rongoā mate pukupuku, kei roto i te kāwai o te irahiko hikohiko, he rite ki ngā hihi-X. Ahakoa ka taea e ētahi hihi gamma te whiti i te tinana tangata me te kore he pānga, ko ētahi ka taea te mimiti, ā, ka pā kino pea. Ka taea e ngā pakitara raima matotoru, pakitara mata rānei te whakaiti i te mōrearea e pā ana ki ngā hihi gamma mā te whakaiti i tō rātou kaha, koia te take i hangaia ai ngā rūma maimoatanga i roto i ngā hōhipera i hangaia mō ngā tūroro mate pukupuku me ngā pakitara pakari.
Ngā neutron
Ko ngā neutron, he matūriki taumaha, he wāhanga matua hoki o te karihi, ka taea te whakaputa mā roto i ngā tikanga maha, pērā i ngā tauhohenga karihi, i ngā tauhohenga karihi rānei e whakaohohia ana e ngā matūriki pūngao-tiketike i roto i ngā hihi whakatere. He puna rongonui ēnei neutron mō te irahiko whakakoi ā-kore.
Ngā Huarahi hei Ārai i te Whakararuraru Irahiko
Ko ngā mātāpono matua e toru o te tiaki i te irahiko ko: Te Wā, Te Tawhiti, me te Parepare.
Wā
Ka piki ake te horopeta irahiko e kohia ana e te kaimahi irahiko i runga i te roa o te noho tata ki te pūtake irahiko. Mā te iti o te wā e tata ana ki te pūtake ka iti ake te horopeta irahiko. I tetahi atu taha, mā te pikinga ake o te wā e noho ana i roto i te mara irahiko ka nui ake te horopeta irahiko e whiwhihia ana. Nō reira, mā te whakaiti i te wā e noho ana i roto i tētahi mara irahiko ka iti ake te pānga o te irahiko.
Tawhiti
Ko te whakanui ake i te wehenga i waenga i te tangata me te pūtake irahiko he huarahi whai hua hei whakaiti i te pānga o te irahiko. I te mea ka piki haere te tawhiti mai i te pūtake irahiko, ka tino heke te taumata horopeta irahiko. He tino whai hua te whakawhāiti i te tata ki te pūtake irahiko hei whakaiti i te pānga o te irahiko i te wā o te whakaahua irahiko pūkoro me ngā tikanga fluoroscopy. Ka taea te ine i te hekenga o te pānga mā te whakamahi i te ture tapawhā whakamuri, e whakaatu ana i te hononga i waenga i te tawhiti me te kaha o te irahiko. E kī ana tēnei ture ko te kaha o te irahiko i tētahi tawhiti kua tohua mai i tētahi pūtake pūwāhi he hononga whakamuri ki te tapawhā o te tawhiti.
Te ārai
Mena kāore e taea te pupuri i te tawhiti mōrahi me te wā iti rawa te kī taurangi mō te iti o te horopeta irahiko, me whakamahi he parenga whai hua hei whakaiti i te hihi irahiko. Ko te rauemi e whakamahia ana hei whakaiti i te irahiko e mōhiotia ana ko te parenga, ā, ko tana whakamahinga he whakaiti i te pānga ki ngā tūroro me te marea whānui.
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Wā tuku: Hanuere-08-2024
